It is important to think carefully about the way in which you will lay out any print advertising. It can be divided into three separate parts: the illustration, the headlines and the body. The illustration is the part that catches the attention, so it is important to include one if possible; a caption should sell the product/service. Headlines should be attractive, not necessarily short (10 words is okay) and should help pinpoint the target audience. Finally, the body text should sell the product/service and invite a response (phone number, address, form to fill in, etc). The body should be written in clear, short sentences.
The layout is important. People normally read from top to bottom, so putting the most attractive part at the top makes sense. Hence, illustration, headline, body, in that order from the top will make the advertisement more likely to be read.
You need to promote the USP (unique selling point) for your product or service. Be distinctive about it. The consumer will be interested in the benefits, so state them clearly in your advertising.
Advertising can be made more effective by using the AIDA formula (see bottom of page).
Good advertising is closely targeted to the desired audience and communicates a benefit in a powerful and memorable way. Think about where you can place your advert. You want to reach as much of your target audience as possible with minimum wastage (people who would never be interested in your product). For example, if you're an interior designer, you might feel that a home improvement magazine is more targeted than a local title. Good targeting makes the most of your budget.
The advantages and disadvantages of different types of advertising media are set out in the table below.
| Media | Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|
| LOCAL PRESS | Large localised circulation. Frequency and immediacy. Relatively cheap. Can be booked quickly. Small ads can be used like a directory. |
Non-specific, declining readership. Lack of colour. Short life. Read hurriedly. Ad may be lost among similar ones. |
| FREE PRESS | Cheap. Local. |
Often not read. Lack of colour. |
| NATIONAL PRESS | Large circulation. Can be booked quickly. Useful for small business if it provides very specialised product or service across the whole country. |
Non-specific readership. Very expensive. Short life. Lack of colour. |
| CONSUMER MAGAZINES | Large circulation. Pass-on readership. Colour available. Relatively long life. Read in leisurely fashion. |
Expensive. Distant copy dates. Swamping by expensive large companies advertising. |
| SPECIALIST TRADE JOURNALS | Identifiable readership. Can be booked quickly. Reader enquiry service. Well read by their target audience. Useful if national response desired. |
Highly competitive and danger of swamping by advertising in same field. Critical readership. |
| INSERTS INTO FREE PRESS | Relatively cheap. Good for direct response. |
Short life. High production costs. |
| POSTERS | High impact. Large readership. Relatively cheap. Fairly long life. Good for reminders, eg to support TV. |
Rapid exposure. Limited message, except on transport. Not suitable for unknown or ‘difficult’ products. Need large number and large scale distribution. |
| DIRECTORIES | Relatively cheap. Long life. Constant source of new customers. |
Restricted size and limited message. Not eye catching. Can be swamped. |
| COMMERCIAL RADIO | Large, localised audience. Can be directed. Flexible deadlines. |
Short life. Can be expensive. Production can be difficult. Spoken message only. |
| TELEVISION | Massive coverage. Colour, movement and sound. Time selectivity. |
Expensive in terms of production and time. Short life. |
| CINEMA | Frequent exposure. Colour, movement and sound. Younger age group predominates. |
Expensive production costs. Audience profile very narrow - mostly young people. |
| CIRCULARS | Cheap to produce. Inexpensive to distribute. Blanket circulation in target area. |
Danger of swamping by similar advertising. Short life. Are they distributed? |
| DIRECT MAIL | Simple. Inexpensive. |
Already targeted customers. Setting up mailing list. |
| POINT OF SALE | Cheap. Good to reinforce. |
Only reaches likely customers. |
| SHOP WINDOWS |
Large, local audience. |
Do people look at them? |
| SPONSORSHIP | Can give local firm some credibility. | Low returns. Expensive. Can become time consuming. |
| TRANSPORT - BUSES, METRO, ETC | Inexpensive. Large, local audience. |
Limited messages. May not cover target area. |
| EXHIBITIONS AND TRADE FAIRS | Large target audience. | Can be expensive and time consuming. Danger of swamping by similar advertising. |
| UNUSUAL FORMS, EG MILK BOTTLES | May be possible to tailor to produce. Novelty value attracts attention. |
Thinking up a good idea! Persuading others. |